The Arizona Daily Star’s William Askal The Special
Arizona has many historic mines that have produced gold, fluorite, vanadium, and uranium. These minerals have proven essential to many industries during times of war and peace.
The state also has iron deposits in its central part, including the Feline Formation northwest of Prescott, which is composed of quartz-hematite-magnetite rocks formed from oxygenated seawater 1.7 billion years ago. increase.
The history of the Gold Road Mine dates back to 1899, when Mexican gold prospector José Jerez discovered it while exploring Sitgreaves Pass west of Kingman. The discovery of a prominent gold-bearing quartz outcrop led to further investments, including a Salt Lake City syndicate consisting of Colonels OP Posey, Clarence K. Dimmick, and William Bailey.
Developing an eight-foot-wide gold vein involved a 150-tonne cyanide plant, 150 miners, and monthly bullion shipments of up to $15,000 by 1907. By 1931, the mine’s output totaled $7.3 million. Mining under Addwest Minerals in the 1990s produced an additional 92,500 ounces of gold until falling market prices forced a temporary closure.
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Today, the mine is operated by Gold Road Mining Corp., a subsidiary of Para Resources Inc., as an underground gold and silver mine with surface grinding equipment.
Located on the western side of Agua Julia Canyon, four miles east of Bumblebee, the Richenbar Mine operated sporadically under multiple companies from 1905 to 1922, producing a total of $60,000 in low-grade gold. Geologically, veins occur in granite at the edges of basaltic mesas, and gold ores occur in irregular vertical shoots of coarse quartz. The mine has 20 stampworks and was developed in a vertical shaft 480 feet deep. All in all it was a bad investment overall as the mine was a mining site and the operating costs outweighed the benefits.
The Swastika Mine, five miles north of Crown King in the Bradshaw Mountains, is known as a rich producer of silver when run by hard-working and brave owners and tenants. Early development began in 1876 when he was hand-tooled by FW Curtin, but the camp later had electricity. A 50-tonne cyanide plant was started on his site in 1919. For transporting the ore he used a 5-ton Garford truck.
Between 1910 and 1915 the mine produced 600,000 ounces of silver and over $3 million between 1934 and 1952. Index Mines, who operated the site in the mid-1970s, built a leaching electrowinning plant on site. produced.
A thumbnail-sized mineral sample of fluorite containing silvery galena from the Hull Mine.
William Ascarza
Mining at Hull Mine in the Castle Dome Mountains of Yuma County dates back to 1867 when the first shaft was dug by J. Brown. He was drawn to outcrops of fluorite, calcite, and oxidized galena veins in shale, limestone, and sandstone regions. Mineralization was measured up to 2,000 feet long and 12 feet wide.
Twenty years later, silver galena ore was mined and shipped profitably. This has resulted in decades of sporadic ownership, development and production of mines. This included a small enrichment plant and an experimental cyanide heap leaching operation that failed economically to recover silver from the mine’s lead-silver ore.
Interest in mining was revived with the goal of extracting fluorite for commercial profit. Fluorite is an important component of hydrofluoric acid required in the refrigeration and air conditioning industry.
Mineral collectors have long appreciated the mine’s output, which includes the galena fluorite, barite, wulfenite, and cerusite found at the 200-foot level.
Hamburg Mine, located in the silver mining district near Yuma, began as a vein system for mining silver in the 1870s. Subsequent explorations conducted by Silver Glance Resources Inc. during a drilling program in the early 1990s revealed significant fluorite analysis.
Vanadium is an Arizona metal that occurs as vanadinite, a chlorovanadate of lead formed by the oxidation of lead sulfide in sedimentary rocks. Some uses of vanadium include its use as an alloy in the steel industry and its use in renewable energy in vanadium flow batteries as energy storage.
Arizona is not a significant source of vanadium, but there are deposits throughout the state, including the Tiger Mine in the historic Mammoth Mining District, the Gallagher Mine in the Tombstone Mining District, and the quartzite veins in the Northern Apache Mine. of Grove Miami.
The Gallagher Mine near Charleston, about eight miles southwest of Tombstone, was developed as a series of silver lead ores submerged between 12 and 200 feet deep. Credit goes to his JB Gallagher, who named the mine that discovered the vanadium and molybdenum ores.
The mine geology includes Tertiary andesite flows of rock masses intruded by rhyolite dykes with significant mineralization containing lead, gold, silver, vanadium and molybdenum.
Arthur L. Flagg, a consulting engineer for Gallagher Vanadium and Rare Metals Corp., said the deposit held the most diverse vanadium minerals in the Southwest. From 1929 to 1953 he consisted of 22 claims, with considerable drift, and for smelting he was shipped to El Paso Smelter.He produced 670 tons of lead ore, including was minimal. An on-site mill was not built, but was recommended due to the large amount of crushed ore surrounding the main vein.

Wooden structures and equipment at the Anderson Uranium Mine in Yavapai County.
Courtesy of the Arizona Geological Survey
The Anderson Mining Claims, 43 miles northwest of Wickenburg, also known as the Uranium Aire Claims, were accidentally discovered in 1955 by TR Anderson during an aerial survey using an airborne scintillation counter. Anderson said he made 130 claims on the workforce of his paint contractor in California.
The geology of the area includes clastic rocks containing some bentonite clays, brightly colored Tertiary volcanic tuff with thousands of feet of mineralized outcrops containing very abundant uranium ore pods. . Uranium precipitated in parts of the lake bed containing organic carbon particles from the carbonate-rich solution. The ore is carnotite found in petrified palm roots up to 2 feet in diameter.
By 1957, the mine was developed as a small open pit with four trucks producing 150 tons of uranium ore at an average weekly rate of 0.4%. From 1955 to 1959 he was U308 with a production of 33,230 pounds until the Atomic Energy Commission terminated the ore purchasing program. The ore was shipped to Tuba City, Arizona and Grants, New Mexico for refining.
Getty Oil Co. leased the property in 1968 with an option to purchase. After conducting an extensive drilling program, it moved to more lucrative uranium assets in Wyoming. Subsequent attempts to develop large, low-grade uranium ore bodies included over 1,400 boreholes, including exploration activities by Union Oil, Minerals Exploration, and Urangellschaft USA Inc.
The Anderson Mine is now owned by Uranium Energy Corp. (UEC). The property covers his 8,268 acres and from 25 million he has 27 million pounds of confirmed uranium.
This is the third history quiz. How much do you know
Johanna Eubank
William Ascarza is the archivist, historian and author of seven books available online and in select bookstores. These include his latest work, In Search of Fortunes: A Look at the History of Arizona Mining, available from MT Publishing Co.
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